n. neuron
Definition of neuron in English
Basic cell of nervous tissue, which transmits electrical and chemical impulses throughout the body.
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(N) Parts of the Neuron
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n. nucleus
Definition of nucleus in English
Organelle of eukaryotic cells that houses DNA.
n. soma
Definition of soma in English
Bulbous central body of the neuron, which houses the nucleus and other organelles, from which the axon and dendrites branch.
n. dendrite
Definition of dendrite in English
Branched extension of the neuronal soma, whose function is to receive nerve impulses from other neurons via synapses.
n. axon
Definition of axon in English
Branched projection from the neuronal soma, whose function is to conduct electrochemical impulses to other cells via synapses.
n. myelin
Definition of myelin in English
Lamellar lipoprotein substance that covers the axon of certain nerve cells, whose primary function is to optimize the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
n. node of Ranvier
Definition of node of Ranvier in English
Aperture in the myelin sheath, whose function is to increase the speed and efficiency of nerve impulse transmission.